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Published online on March 3, 2008, 10.1073/pnas.0710618105
PNAS | March 25, 2008 | vol. 105 | no. 12 | 4928-4932


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From the Cover
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES / PLANT BIOLOGY
SymRK defines a common genetic basis for plant root endosymbioses with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, rhizobia, and Frankiabacteria

Hassen Gherbi*, Katharina Markmann{dagger}, Sergio Svistoonoff*, Joan Estevan*, Daphné Autran*, Gabor Giczey{dagger}, Florence Auguy*, Benjamin Péret*, Laurent Laplaze*, Claudine Franche*, Martin Parniske{dagger}, and Didier Bogusz*,{ddagger}

*Equipe Rhizogenèse, Unité Mixte de Recherche Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes Cultivées (DIAPC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; and {dagger}Department of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Maria-Ward-Strasse 1a, 80638 Munich, Germany

Edited by Sharon R. Long, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved January 15, 2008 (received for review November 8, 2007)

Root endosymbioses vitally contribute to plant nutrition and fitness worldwide. Nitrogen-fixing root nodulation, confined to four plant orders, encompasses two distinct types of associations, the interaction of legumes (Fabales) with rhizobia bacteria and actinorhizal symbioses, where the bacterial symbionts are actinomycetes of the genus Frankia. Although several genetic components of the host–symbiont interaction have been identified in legumes, the genetic basis of actinorhiza formation is unknown. Here, we show that the receptor-like kinase gene SymRK, which is required for nodulation in legumes, is also necessary for actinorhiza formation in the tree Casuarina glauca. This indicates that both types of nodulation symbiosis share genetic components. Like several other legume genes involved in the interaction with rhizobia, SymRK is also required for the interaction with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi. We show that SymRK is involved in AM formation in C. glauca as well and can restore both nodulation and AM symbioses in a Lotus japonicus symrk mutant. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SymRK functions as a vital component of the genetic basis for both plant–fungal and plant–bacterial endosymbioses and is conserved between legumes and actinorhiza-forming Fagales.

actinorhizal symbioses | Casuarina glauca | mycorrhizae | signaling

Author contributions: H.G. and K.M. contributed equally to this work; H.G., K.M., S.S., J.E., D.A., G.G., F.A., B.P., L.L., C.F., M.P., and D.B. designed research; H.G., K.M., S.S., J.E., D.A., G.G., F.A., B.P., L.L., and C.F. performed research; H.G., K.M., S.S., J.E., D.A., G.G., F.A., B.P., L.L., C.F., M.P., and D.B. analyzed data; and H.G., K.M., S.S., L.L., C.F., M.P., and D.B. wrote the paper.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.

Data deposition: The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the GenBank database [accession nos. EU294188 (CgSymRK genomic) and EU273286 (CgSymRK CDS)].

See Commentary on page 4537.

This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0710618105/DC1.

{ddagger}To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bogusz{at}mpl.ird.fr

© 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA


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Related Commentary in PNAS:

SYMRK, an enigmatic receptor guarding and guiding microbial endosymbioses with plant roots
Marcelle Holsters
PNAS 2008 105: 4537-4538. [Extract] [Full Text]  



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M. Holsters
SYMRK, an enigmatic receptor guarding and guiding microbial endosymbioses with plant roots
PNAS, March 25, 2008; 105(12): 4537 - 4538.
[Full Text] [PDF]