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Radhakrishnan et al. 10.1073/pnas.0700899104. |
SI Text
Reagents.
We obtained [1,2,6,7-3H]cholesterol (60 Ci/mmol), [26,27-3H]25-hydroxycholesterol (75 Ci/mmol), [3-3H]lanosterol (10 Ci/mmol), and [1,2,6,7-3H]progesterone (100 Ci/mmol) from American Radiolabeled Chemicals; all other sterols from Steraloids; Fos-Choline 13 (n-tridecylphosphocholine) and Anapoe-C12E9 (polyoxyethylene(9)dodecyl ether/a-dodecyl-w-hydroxy-poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) from Anatrace; phosphocholine chloride from Sigma; methyl-b-cyclodextrin (MCD) and hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HPCD) from Cyclodextrin Technologies Development; Nonidet P-40 Alternative (NP-40) and digitonin from Calbiochem; and Fugene-6 reagent from Roche Applied Science. Lipoprotein-deficient serum and sodium oleate (1), delipidated serum (2), and solutions of sodium mevalonate and compactin (3) were prepared as described in the indicated reference.Buffers.
Buffer A contains 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 0.1% (w/v) Fos-Choline 13. Buffer B contains 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 0.1% (w/v) Anapoe-C12E9. Buffer C contains 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 0.1% (w/v) SDS, 1.5% (w/v) NP-40, 0.5% (w/v) deoxycholate, and protease inhibitor mixture (25 mg/ml N-acetyl-leucinal-leucinal-norleucinal, 5 mg/ml pepstatin A, 2 mg/ml aprotinin, and 10 mg/ml leupeptin). Buffer D contains 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 100 mM NaCl, 1% SDS, and protease inhibitor mixture. Buffer E contains 50 mM Hepes-KOH (pH 7.6), 100 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.5% (w/v) digitonin, and protease inhibitor mixture.Tissue Culture Media. Medium A is a 1:1 mixture of Ham's F-12 medium and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 100 units/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin sulfate. Medium B is medium A supplemented with 5% (v/v) fetal calf serum. Medium C is Medium B supplemented with 5 µg/ml cholesterol, 1 mM sodium mevalonate, and 20 µM sodium oleate. Medium D is Medium A supplemented with 5% newborn calf lipoprotein-deficient serum, 50 mM sodium compactin, and 50 mM sodium mevalonate. Medium E is Schneider's Drosophila medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum, 100 units/ml penicillin, and 100 mg/ml streptomycin sulfate. Medium F is IPL-41 medium supplemented with 5% of heat-inactivated delipidated fetal calf serum, 100 units/ml penicillin, and 100 mg/ml streptomycin sulfate.
Expression Plasmids. The following plasmids were described in the indicated reference. pAc-Scap and pAc-Insig2-Myc encode hamster Scap and human Insig-2, each tagged with 6 copies of the Myc epitope tag at the COOH-terminus under control of the Drosophila actin SC promoter (4). pDS-HSV-SREBP2 encodes human SREBP-2 with an HSV tag at its NH2-terminus under control of the Drosophila DS47 promoter (4). pTK-HSV-SREBP-2 encodes wild-type HSV-tagged human SREBP-2 under control of the weak thymidine kinase (TK) promoter (5). pCMV-Scap and pCMV-Insig2-Myc encode wild-type hamster Scap and human Insig-2, each tagged with 6 copies of the Myc epitope tag at the COOH-terminus under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (5). Mutants of Insig-2 in pAc-Insig2-Myc and pCMV-Insig2-Myc were generated with the QuikChange XL site-directed mutagenesis kit (Stratagene) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The integrity of all plasmids was confirmed by DNA sequencing of all open reading frames.
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