Distinct genomic signatures of adaptation in pre- and postnatal environments during human evolution
- Monica Uddin†,
- Morris Goodman†,‡,§,
- Offer Erez¶,
- Roberto Romero¶,
- Guozhen Liu†,
- Munirul Islam‖,
- Juan C. Opazo†,
- Chet C. Sherwood††,
- Lawrence I. Grossman†, and
- Derek E. Wildman†,§,¶,‡‡
- †Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics and
- ‡Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201;
- ¶Perinatology Research Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
- ‖Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201;
- ††Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; and
- ‡‡Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201
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Contributed by Morris Goodman, December 31, 2007 (received for review December 3, 2007)
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Fig. 1.Experimental design. (A) Phylogenetic tree showing the taxa sampled in the present study. Open circle indicates the LCA of rodents and primates. HAS lineages are indicated in color: yellow, primate stem lineage; blue, ape stem lineage; magenta, human terminal lineage. Dashed lines indicate rodent lineages. A gene was retained on the HAS list if it showed dN/dS >1 on any HAS lineage(s) and dN/dS <1 on all rodent-specific lineages. (B) Tissues analyzed in the present study. (Left) Postnatal tissues. (Right) Prenatal tissues.
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Fig. 2.Proportion of adaptive signatures on each HAS branch, by tissue and cluster. The top three FACs are represented, with cluster one appearing as the outermost ring. Yellow, proportion of adaptive signatures occurring on the primate stem lineage; blue, proportion of adaptive signatures occurring on the ape stem lineage; magenta, proportion of adaptive signatures occurring on the human terminal lineage. (A) Fetal brain. (B) Adult whole brain. (C) Fetal liver. (D) Adult liver. (E) Fetal lung. (F) Adult lung. (G) Fetal thyroid. (H) Adult thyroid. (I) Placenta. (J) Adult uterus. Only among fetal tissues (A, C, E, G, I) and the adult uterus do 50% or more adaptive events occur on the human terminal in at least one of the top three FACs.
Footnotes
- §To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: mgoodwayne{at}aol.com or dwildman{at}med.wayne.edu
- © 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
